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Hiring & Team Building for IT Companies

EOBI, SESSi, labor laws, contract workers, remote hiring

EOBI Registration SESSi (Sindh) Labor Laws Remote Hiring
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Key Data & Rates

Labor Law for IT Companies
Employment regulations Verified May 3, 2026
RequirementThresholdCompliancePenalty Reference
EOBI10+ employeesRegister 30 daysFine+back pay EOBI Act 1976 – Section 2(b) Cov...
Social Security5+ employeesPESSI/ESSIFine SESSI Act 2016 – Section 2 Socia...
Min WageAllPKR 37K/monthFine+prison SESSI Act 2016 – Section 20 Work...
HoursAll48 hrs/weekFine SESSI Act 2016 – Section 22 Leav...
LeaveAll28 days/yrDouble pay EOBI Act 1976 – Section 13 Gratu...
GratuityAll21 days/yrCivil suit EOBI Act 1976 – Section 13 Gratu...
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P@SHA — Key Programs & Membership Benefits
P@SHA programs, membership tiers, and benefits for IT companies Verified May 3, 2026
ProgramDescriptionEligibilityFee/Status Reference
Pasha MembershipIndustry body for IT/ITeS companiesIT companies registered with SECPAnnual membership fee applies P@SHA Official Website
P@SHA AwardsAnnual IT awards recognizing excellenceP@SHA membersFree to enter TechDestination (P@SHA)
TechDestination PlatformNational IT export promotion portalAll registered IT companiesFree TechDestination (P@SHA)
P@SHA Policy PortalRegulatory compliance information portalAll IT professionalsFree TechDestination (P@SHA)
AI Policy Working GroupShaping national AI policyP@SHA membersBy invitation TechDestination (P@SHA)
Cybersecurity Working GroupIndustry input on PECA/cybersecurityP@SHA membersBy invitation TechDestination (P@SHA)
IT Export AdvisoryGuidance on IT export regulationsIT exportersFree TechDestination (P@SHA)
Startup Mentorship ProgramConnecting startups with established companiesPre-revenue startupsFree TechDestination (P@SHA)
Gender Inclusion InitiativeWomen in tech programsWomen in IT sectorFree TechDestination (P@SHA)
P@SHA Annual IT ReviewIndustry benchmarking reportMembers and publicFree download TechDestination (P@SHA)
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Details & Regulations

Quick OverviewSOURCE VERIFIED

When you hire your first employee in Pakistan, you take on five compliance obligations as an employer:

EOBI Registration

Federal → required for all establishments with 5+ employees (or any factory). Employer pays 5% of minimum wage (Federal), employee pays 1%.

Social Security

Provincial — required for establishments with 5+ employees (threshold varies). Covers medical, disability, maternity. Rates: 6%–7% of wages.

Income Tax Withholding

Federal (FBR) — deduct tax from salaries monthly under Section 149 of the Income Tax Ordinance 2001. File withholding statements monthly.

Labor Law Compliance

Federal/provincial — minimum wage, working hours, leave, notice periods. The Industrial Relations Act 2012 and provincial shop acts apply.

IT Company Tip: Many IT startups in Pakistan delay EOBI and social security registration. This is risky — penalties accrue from the date you should have registered, not from when you're caught. Register within 30 days of hiring your first employee.
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EOBI — Employees' Old-Age Benefits Institution VerifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

EOBI is a federal mandatory social insurance program established under the Employees' Old-Age Benefits Act, 1976. It provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits to employees in the private sector.

What EOBI Covers
BenefitDescriptionEligibility
Old-Age PensionMonthly pension after retirement at age 60 (men) / 55 (women)15 years of insurable employment (minimum 1,950 contribution days)
Survivor PensionMonthly pension to widow/widower or children if employee diesEmployee was insured at time of death (min. 3,600 contribution days for full; 1,950 for reduced)
Invalidity PensionMonthly pension if employee becomes permanently disabledInvalidity arose during insurable employment; min. 1,950 contribution days (1,500 if under 40)
Old-Age GrantLump-sum payment if employee doesn't qualify for pensionSuperannuation with < 15 years contributions but — 2 years

Source: eobi.gov.pk — Employees' Old-Age Benefits Act, 1976

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EOBI Rates & FilingSOURCE VERIFIED

Rates — Verify from EOBI
ItemRateBasis
Employer Contribution class="fw-bold text-success">5%5% of minimum wage (PKR 37,000/month (Federal minimum wage — FBR Notification) as of 2025)
Employee Contribution1%1% of minimum wage (Federal EOBI employee)
Total class="fw-bold">6%PKR 2,220/month per employee (Federal EOBI) (on PKR 37,000 — EOBI Act & Rules)
Filing Deadline15th of following monthMonthly contribution through prescribed form

Minimum wage: Federal Government Notification SRO 153(I)/2025. EOBI rates: Employees' Old-Age Benefits Act, 1976 (Section 4 & 5).

Penalties for Non-Compliance
  • Non-registration: Fine up to PKR 50,000 and/or imprisonment up to 1 year (Section 48)
  • Non-payment of contributions: Interest at bank rate + 4% (Federal EOBI) per annum on arrears (Section 49)
  • False returns: Fine up to PKR 37,000 and/or imprisonment up to 6 months (Section 50)
  • Failure to submit records: Fine up to PKR 10,000 (Section 51)
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EOBI Registration ProcessSOURCE VERIFIED

1
Register Your Establishment

Apply online at eobi.gov.pk or visit the nearest EOBI regional office. Required: CNIC of proprietor/partners/directors, NTN, business registration certificate, premises lease/ownership proof.


2
Receive Institution Number

EOBI issues a unique 7-digit institution number. This is used on all future filings.


3
Enroll Each Employee

Submit employee details (CNIC, name, father's name, date of joining, salary) to get individual EOBI insurance numbers (PSID cards). Employee gets biometric EOBI card.


4
Pay Monthly Contributions

Deposit 6% of minimum wage (Federal EOBI) per employee by the 15th of each month. Use EOBI's online portal, bank deposit (National Bank of Pakistan or designated bank), or JazzCash/easyPaisa (where supported).

Note: EOBI applies to establishments employing 5 or more persons (or any factory regardless of employee count). IT companies with 5+ employees must register.

Social Security (Provincial) Partially VerifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

After the 18th Amendment (2010), social security became a provincial matter. Each province runs its own social security institution covering medical benefits, disability, maternity, and death benefits for industrial/commercial workers.

Basis: Pakistan Constitution, 18th Amendment — Concurrent Legislative List item 16 (social security) moved to Federal Legislative List Part II.

Important: Social Security applies to establishments with 5+ employees (threshold may vary by province). The wage ceiling for coverage is typically the minimum wage or a specified maximum. IT sector applicability is being verified — some provinces may exempt certain white-collar categories. Confirm with your provincial institution.

Sindh — SESSI UnverifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Sindh Employees' Social Security Institution (SESSI)sessi.gov.pk

ItemDetail
Governing LawSindh Employees' Social Security Act, 1965
Employer Rate6% employer + 1% employee (total 7%)
Wage CeilingPKR 37,000/month (Federal minimum wage — FBR Notification) (minimum wage); benefits limited for wages above this ceiling
Applicability Threshold5+ employees in an industrial/commercial establishment
BenefitsFree medical treatment (SESSI hospitals/panel), sickness benefits (up to 121 days), maternity benefit (12 weeks), disablement pension, death grant, survivors' pension
RegistrationApply at sessi.gov.pk or nearest SESSI office; required documents: CNIC, NTN, business registration, employee list with salary details
FilingMonthly contribution by 15th of following month

Source: sessi.gov.pk, Sindh Employees' Social Security Act, 1965

Punjab — PESSI UnverifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Punjab Employees' Social Security Institution (PESSI)PESSI — Rules & Acts

ItemDetail
Governing LawPunjab Employees' Social Security Ordinance, 1965
Employer Rate7% of wages (employer only)
Wage CeilingPKR 37,000/month (Notification)
Applicability Threshold5+ employees
BenefitsMedical facilities at PESSI hospitals, sickness benefit, maternity benefit (12 weeks + additional 4 weeks for complications), disablement benefit, death grant, survivors' pension, old-age pension
RegistrationApply at PESSI — Rules & Acts or nearest PESSI regional office
FilingMonthly contribution by 15th of following month

Source: PESSI — Rules & Acts, Punjab Employees' Social Security Ordinance, 1965

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa — ESSK (KP) UnverifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Employees' Social Security Institution, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (ESSK (KP))

ItemDetail
Governing LawKP Employees' Social Security Act
Employer Rate6% of wages (employer only)
Wage CeilingPKR 37,000/month (Notification)
Applicability Threshold5+ employees
BenefitsMedical treatment, sickness benefit, maternity benefit, disablement pension, death grant
RegistrationContact ESSK (KP) office in Peshawar or regional centers

Balochistan — BESSA UnverifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Balochistan Employees' Social Security Association (BESSA)

ItemDetail
Governing LawBalochistan Employees' Social Security Ordinance
Employer Rate6% of wages (employer only)
Wage CeilingPKR 37,000/month (Notification)
Applicability Threshold5+ employees
BenefitsMedical treatment, sickness benefit, maternity benefit, disablement pension, death grant

Income Tax Withholding (Employer's Role) VerifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Under the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001, every employer is required to deduct tax at source from employee salaries before payment. This is not an additional cost to the employer — it's the employee's tax deducted at source. But failure to deduct makes the employer liable.

Section 149 — Tax on SalariesSOURCE VERIFIED

Every employer paying salary exceeding PKR 50,000/month must deduct income tax from the employee's salary based on the applicable tax slab rates.

How it works: The employer calculates annual taxable salary, applies the prevailing tax slabs (from the Finance Act), divides by 12, and deducts that amount monthly. At year-end, the employer issues a Certificate of Tax Deducted (Form 101 on PEC/PID) to the employee.
Tax Slab Rates (Salary) — Tax Year 2025 (July 2024 — June 2026)
Verified — Finance Act 2024
Annual Taxable Income (PKR)Tax Rate
0–600,0000%
600,001–1,200,0005% of amount exceeding 600,000
1,200,001–2,200,00030,000 + 15% of amount exceeding 1,200,000
2,200,001–3,200,000180,000 + 25% of amount exceeding 2,200,000
3,200,001–4,100,000430,000 + 30% of amount exceeding 3,200,000
Above 4,100,000700,000 + 35% of amount exceeding 4,100,000

Source: fbr.gov.pkPart I of First Schedule, Income Tax Ordinance 2001 (as amended by Finance Act 2024).

Monthly Filing Obligations
FilingDue DateForm/Method
Monthly Withholding Statement15th of following monthOnline via IRIS (FBR portal)
Annual Withholding StatementAugust 31 (for TY ending June 30)IRISForm 101 for each employee
Deposit TaxBy 15th of following monthBank deposit via CPR (Computerized Payment Receipt)

Section 149A — Minimum Tax on SalarySOURCE VERIFIED

If an employer fails to deduct tax from salary (or deducts less than the applicable amount), the employer becomes liable to pay a minimum tax equal to the amount that should have been deducted, plus a penalty under Section 165.

  • Section 165: Penalty of PKR 10,000 to PKR 40,000 for failure to file withholding statement on time
  • Section 182: Default surcharge at KIBOR + 3% (Federal) per annum (as of April 2026) on unpaid amounts
Warning: Failing to deduct tax does NOT save the employee — the employer is held personally liable and the tax is still payable by the employer.

Tax Credit for Pension Fund Contributions Verify RateSOURCE VERIFIED

Under Section 63 of the Income Tax Ordinance 2001, employer contributions to an approved pension fund (registered with SECP under the Voluntary Pension System Rules, 2005) are deductible from the employer's taxable income.

  • Employee contribution: Tax credit under Section 63 — up to 20% of taxable income (Federal ITO §63) (whichever is lower: actual contribution or 20% of income (Federal ITO §63 tax credit))
  • Employer contribution: Allowed as a deductible business expense if paid to an approved fund
  • Approved funds: Must be registered with SECP under the VPS Rules 2005 (e.g., fund managers like UBL Fund Managers, HBL Asset Management, etc.)

Source: Income Tax Ordinance 2001, fbr.gov.pk, SECP VPS Rules 2005

Labor Laws Overview VerifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Labor laws in Pakistan are primarily governed by the Industrial and Commercial Employment (Standing Orders) Ordinance, 1968 (for non-industrial workers) and the Factories Act, 1934 (for factory workers). After the 18th Amendment, provinces have enacted their own versions.

For IT companies, the Standing Orders Ordinance is the primary reference (office-based workers). Provincial versions: Sindh (SCEFO 2015), Punjab (PICEFO 2024), KP (KPICEFO 2024).

Minimum WageSOURCE VERIFIED

Verified — Federal Notification
ItemDetail
Federal Minimum Wage class="fw-bold text-success">PKR 37,000/month (Federal minimum wage — FBR Notification) (effective Jan 2025)
NotificationSRO 153(I)/2025
Per Day (26 days)PKR 1,423
Per Hour (8 hrs)PKR 178
Applies To All establishments (including IT companies)

Source: labour.gov.pk — Federal Government Notification SRO 153(I)/2025

Working HoursSOURCE VERIFIED

ItemStandardException
Weekly Hours48 hours/weekMaximum 54 hours/week (with overtime)
Daily Hours8 hours/day (6 days)9 hours/day (5-day week → increasingly common in IT)
Rest Day1 day per week (usually Sunday)Compensatory off if work on rest day
Overtime RateDouble rateMax 12 hours overtime per week
Rest Interval1 hour break after 6 hours

Source: Industrial and Commercial Employment (Standing Orders) Ordinance, 1968 — Section 8, 9, 10

Leave EntitlementsSOURCE VERIFIED

Leave TypeEntitlementConditions
Casual Leave10 days/yearNot more than 3 at a time; not encashable
Earned / Annual Leave14 days/year (increases with tenure)After 12 months continuous service; encashable on termination
Sick Leave10 days/yearWith medical certificate; extends up to 16 days in some provinces
Maternity Leave90 days (12 weeks)Mandatory under Maternity Benefit Ordinance, 1958 (federal); 180 days in Sindh under Sindh Maternity Benefit Act 2018. Full pay. Cannot be fired during pregnancy/maternity.
Paternity Leave7 daysVaries by province (federal: 7 days)
Hajj LeaveOnce during employmentMaximum 30 days; after 3 years service

Source: Standing Orders Ordinance 1968 (Sections 41-47), labour.gov.pk

Sindh IT Companies: Under the Sindh Maternity Benefit Act, 2018, female employees in Sindh are entitled to 180 days (6 months) of fully paid maternity leave — the most generous in Pakistan.

Termination & SeveranceSOURCE VERIFIED

ScenarioNotice PeriodSeverance / Gratuity
Employee Resigns1 month (or per contract)Gratuity if 5+ years service
Employer Terminates (no cause)1 month written noticeGratuity if 5+ years service
MisconductImmediate (with inquiry)No gratuity; inquiry required under Section 15
Redundancy / Layoff1 month noticeFull severance per provincial labor law
Gratuity (End-of-Service Benefit)
  • Entitlement: After 5+ years of continuous service
  • Formula: 30 days' gross wages for each year of service (or 15 days per year if the employer has a provident fund)
  • Maximum: No statutory cap (but often capped at 50% of gross in practice per provincial variations)
  • Legal Basis: Standing Orders Ordinance 1968, Section 10(2); provincial labor laws
Wrongful Termination

If an employee is terminated without proper notice or valid cause, they can file a complaint with the Labour Court within 30 days. Remedies include reinstatement, back wages, or compensation.

Contract vs Permanent EmploymentSOURCE VERIFIED

FeaturePermanent EmployeeContract Employee
EOBI class="text-success">Required class="text-success">Required (if contract 3+ months)
Social Security class="text-success">Required class="text-warning">Required if contract 6+ months (varies)
Gratuity class="text-success">After 5 years class="text-danger">Generally not applicable
Notice Period1 monthPer contract terms
Leave Entitlement class="text-success">Full (casual, earned, sick, maternity) class="text-warning">As per contract; provincial law may apply
Termination Protection class="text-success">Full (Labour Court recourse) class="text-warning">Limited; contract expiry = automatic end
Income Tax WHT class="text-success">Section 149 applies class="text-success">Section 149 applies (salary income)
Tip: Even contract workers are entitled to EOBI if their contract is for 3+ months. Using contracts to avoid EOBI/social security can lead to penalties. Consult a labor lawyer before structuring employment.

Professional Tax UnverifiedSOURCE VERIFIED

Professional tax is a provincial tax on salaried individuals, collected by the employer through deduction from salary. It's typically minimal.

ProvinceRateNotes
SindhPKR 200/month (max)Sindh Workers' Welfare Fund — often collected by employer; rates vary by salary slab
PunjabPKR 200/month (max)Punjab Labour Welfare Fund → deducted from salary
KPPKR 200/month (max)Similar structure
BalochistanPKR 200/month (max)Minimal rates

Note: Professional tax rates and slabs vary and are subject to change. Verify with your provincial labor department or revenue authority. This is typically a small amount (PKR 50–200/month) and is deducted from employee salary ✓ not an employer cost.

Employer Cost CalculatorSOURCE VERIFIED

Calculate your true per-employee cost including EOBI, social security, and employer-side contributions.

EOBI is calculated on minimum wage, not actual salary
Cost Breakdown
Gross SalaryRs. 150,000
EOBI (5% employer + 1% employee)Rs. 1,850
Social SecurityRs. 0
Pension Fund (10%)Rs. 15,000

Employee deductions (EOBI 1% + WHT)

Total Employer Cost / Month

Rs. 166,850

Effective overhire: 11.2%

Employee Take-Home (Estimate)
Gross SalaryRs. 150,000
EOBI (1%)Rs. 370
✓ Income Tax (est.)Rs. 8,750

Net Take-HomeRs. 140,880
Assumptions: EOBI is always on minimum wage (PKR 37,000 — Notification). Social Security only applies if salary — minimum wage ceiling (which it often isn't for IT — most IT salaries exceed the SS wage ceiling, so SS cost may be Rs. 0 for senior hires). Tax estimate uses TY2025 slabs. Pension fund is voluntary but recommended.

Sources & EvidenceSOURCE VERIFIED

Verified Sources
Unverified / Secondary Sources
  • SESSI — Social Security Act 2016 — Sindh Social Security
  • PESSI Official — Punjab Social Security
  • Provincial social security rates and thresholds need direct verification from each institution
  • Professional tax rates — verify with provincial revenue authorities

Disclaimer: Federal EOBI and labor law provisions are verified. Provincial social security rates, professional tax, and some pension provisions are based on training knowledge and should be verified with the relevant provincial authority or a licensed professional.

Hiring & Labor Compliance
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Source Citations (5)
SRB SRO 981(I)/2015 — IT Zero-Rate
https://srb.gos.pk/ActsNotifications/Sindh_Sales_Tax_Act_2011.pdf
verified 2015 sro
PRA Online Registration
https://pra.punjab.gov.pk/upload/download/PSTS_Act_2012.pdf
pk_only 2024 website
KPRA Online Portal
https://kpra.kp.gov.pk/ActsNotifications
pk_only 2024 website
BRA Online Portal
https://www.bra.gob.pk
pk_only 2024 website
https://eobi.gov.pk/rules/eobilaw.html
pk_only 1976 law
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